Seyedeh Maryam Pourmousavi, Zoha Hajiha, Mohammad Marfat, Iman Zaghian, Hamed Moslehi,
Volume 21, Issue 4 (3-2024)
Abstract
Background and purpose: The purpose of this research was to write a critical review of the available service packages in the Mental and Social Health and Addiction Office (MSHAO) of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education in the areas of drugs, alcohol and tobacco, which are currently used in the primary health care system. The content analysis method was used to extract the specialists’ critiques.
Materials and Methods: Initially the MSHAO sent 1362 pages of information in the form of 47 files to researchers to be reviewed. The files were classified, eliminating/removing additional, unrelated and duplicated items; finally 840 pages in 29 files were studied and carefully examined. Then, seven experts in the field of addiction were asked to criticize the packages, using the content analysis method to extract the experts' critiques.
Results: The findings showed that comprehensive information about drugs, alcohol and tobacco addiction is provided to the clients. However, based on a critical review of the existing packages four main critiques were extracted, namely, sources/references, epidemiology, incompatibility of Iranian-Islamic culture, and technical-specialist issues. In addition, criticisms were also extracted in the following areas/services: the number of files and the variety of interventions, editing and writing problems, interventions and discussions with inappropriate in-text sources/citations, some old sources/references (published in 2013 and 2014), old interventions, lack of appropriate compatibility with the culture of the Islamic society of Iran, and direct translation of some parts of the original texts and documents of international meetings/gatherings.
Conclusion: Despite the efforts of the Mental and Social Health and Addiction Office to cover the needs of the majority of people referring to the primary care system, it seems that the high number of interventions and additional information can cause confusion of/for the physician, mental health care provider, family health care provider, general health care provider and other relevant individuals. It is, therefore, suggested that some packages be merged with each other, duplicate items be removed and specific sections be added, some packages be fundamentally revised based on the suggested items, and updated packages be developed with due consideration of to the culture of the Iranian society.
Hamed Moslehi, Seyedeh Maryam Pourmousavi, Zeinab Zakani, Reyhane Fayyaz,
Volume 22, Issue 2 (9-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Available evidence shows the effectiveness of psychotherapy. However, the number of patients who deteriorate or do not improve is still problematic. On the other hand, while some therapists are generally more successful than others, most therapists have experienced both success and failure of therapy in different cases. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors effective in psychotherapy from the perspective of therapists and clients.
Materials and Methods: Based on the purpose of this research, it can be considered as an applied research and qualitative in nature. Data were collected through interviews and analyzed using the content analysis method based on the analogical approach. The samples of therapists and clients were selected purposefully from the statistical population including 1. Therapists (psychiatrists, psychologists and counselors) licensed by the Psychology and Counseling Organization with 5 years or more of therapy experience, and 2. Clients who had participated in at least one psychotherapy course. The sample size was based on theoretical saturation and, therefore, the interview process continued until ensuring sufficiency of the collected data; thus the interviews ended with the 21st person in the therapists group and the 15th person in the clients group.
Results: The factors in effective treatment were found to be in three areas, namely, the therapist (attitude, competence, personality, maturity, ability and appearance), the client (demographic characteristics, reason and method of referral, insight), and environmental factors (economic, socio-political issues, location of the psychological center, supporting problems, and daily living events of clients and therapists).
Conclusion: The findings of this research show the components and importance of the model of effective factors in effective psychotherapy to policy makers, trustees, professors and therapists in the field of mental health. The achievement of these components can increase the efficiency of the therapists in achieving their goals and also help a clients to choose a therapist.
