Showing 8 results for Sedaghat
M Sedaghat , S.s Dorrani , M.r Pourshafie , M Saifi , R Ranjbar ,
Volume 4, Issue 3 (3 2006)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Cholera is one of the most important endemic and epidemic diseases in our country. Therefore, keeping track of the changes in antibiotic resistance patterns and continuous genotyping and serotyping of the isolates is essential.
Materials and Methods: One hundred stool samples were collected from the patients with cholera in different cities, including Tehran, Kashan, Kermanshah and Ahwaz. The specimens were subjected to a series of diagnostic tests. Strains were identified by serotyping and their antibiotic resistance profiles were defined through susceptibility tests. We also used a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay to identify the hly A gene.
Results: Group-specific antisera were used for identification of Ogawa, Inaba, Hikojima and NAG (Non-agglutinable ) strains, which constituted 74% , 3% , 0% and 23% of the isolated strains respectively.
Antibiotic susceptibility tests showed that all the strains were sensitive to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin and doxycyclin, but there was widespread resistance to Co-trimoxazol (74%), erythromycin (64%) and tetracycline (53%). Vibrio cholerae El tor isolates were 100% positive for hly A gene amplification, but hemolytic activity was seen in 95% of the cases on blood agar.
Conclusion: Compared to previous studies, there appears to be a higher degree of resistance to tetracycline, hence there may be a need to switch to other agents for the treatment of cholera. The predominant serotype and the antibiotic resistance pattern in Kashan were different from those seen in other cities.
Bahareh Hajizadeh, Fatemeh Sedaghat, Bahram Rashidkhani, Soheyla Mirzaeian, Majid Moasheri, Anahita Hoshyarrad, Mostafa Mirghotbi,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (7 2012)
Abstract
Background and Aim: To examine the association of diet and the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in Kurdistan province.
Materials and Methods: This was a case-control study including 47 patients with esophageal SCC and 96 healthy controls. Dietary intake was assessed using a valid semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was run to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals.
Results: The controls had a significantly higher mean body mass index (25.3 vs. 20.4) and a higher level of education than the case group, while the latter had significantly higher records of tobacco consumption and symptomatic gastresophageal reflux. An independent protective effect was observed for the highest tertile of total fruit consumption (OR: 0.13, CI: 0.04-0.45, p-value=0.001). Within the fruits group, a significant inverse association was observed for bananas, kiwis and oranges (P for trends: 0.03, 0.02 and 0.01, respectively). The effect of total vegetable intake on esophageal SCC was not significant (OR: 0.66, CI: 0.23-1.87), although a reduction in risk was observed in the highest tertile of intake. With regard to other food groups we did not find a statistically significant association.
Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest an inverse association only between fruit consumption and esophageal SCC.
Mohammad Mehdi Sedaghat, Abolhassan Nadim, Afsoun Goudarzi, Kourosh Holakoei Naeini, Mehdi Nateghpour, Hossein Ladoni, Kiumars Khamis Abadi,
Volume 11, Issue 1 (8-2013)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Malaria remains an important vector-borne disease globally and is a threat for human life. Forty percent of the world’s populations who are living in low-income countries are at risk of malaria. The disease exists in Iran and caused economic and social damages. As result of malaria control program that has been done during the past years, the disease is eliminated from the most parts of the country, so that it is only reporting from a small part in these years.
Materials and Methods : During this study, all available papers, books and thesises were reviewed and articles from Iranmedex, DIS and PubMed databanks were also used. Furthermore the related reports from different sources were noted.
The extensive studies have important information about malaria vectors. In this study the data about malaria vectors and related training courses are listed. During this study the related papers, Books and thesises which have been reviewed.
Although efforts, surveillance system, diagnostic and treatment facilities, as well as knowledge and attitude of peoples regarding to health behavior are improved nowadays, there are significant improvements about decreasing the malaria cases. Risk of the disease exists because of population exchange and asymptomatic cases. The malaria can be studied with both public health and economical aspects. This paper represents entomological studies of malaria during 1935 by the end of 2008.
Conclusion: our study revealed that, based on recent malaria national program, the authorities should make an emphasis on vector control monitoring, resistance management, malaria evaluation and because of weak supervision on all malaria operation at stage of elimination of malaria, accurate and careful suppersional require to reach the objective and goal of elimination.
Mehdi Nateghpour, Golamhossein Edrisian, Abolhassan Nadim, Kamran Akbarzadeh, Leila Farivar, Selma Teymouri, Mohammad Mehdi Sedaghat, Hossein Ladoni, Afsaneh Motevali Haghi,
Volume 11, Issue 2 (11-2013)
Abstract
Background and Aim: specific and scientific study in the field of malaria in Iran commenced simultaneouoly with establishing the Instituted of Malariology in Tehran University. Subsequently the Institute was changed to school of Public Health and Institute of Public Health. Research which this new situation resulted in increasing studies and researches in the field of malaria based on three main items as entomology and vector control, parasitology and epidemiology. Historical study of malaria prepares a worthy opportunity to remind the pioneers and those who dedicated their life for combating malaria. In this study the situation of published papers, prepared theses by Iranian researchers and specific training and fresher training courses in the filed of malaria parasitology during the last fifty years were considered.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted as a retrospective study based on the collecting all available data from internal and external electronic sources, papers, books, reports, theses. Moreover, some interviews were made with relevant knowledgeable individuals, in the field of malaria parasitology in Iran.
Results: In this study 143 papers in the field of malaria parasitology were collected in Persian and English languages. Thirty five MSPH, MPH, PhD these and forty four specific courses were recorded as well.
Conclusion: The collected data indicating the correct comprehension of Iranian researchers from importance of malaria infection and its parasitology in Iran. The facts also show that specific training and retraining of malaria microscopy played considerable role in the control of malaria in Iran.
Maryam Behrouz, Zohreh Hosseini, Fatemeh Sedaghat, Mahsa Soufi, Bahram Rashidkhani,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (1-2014)
Abstract
Background and Aim: There is some evidence that nutrition probably plays a role in the etiology of multiple sclerosis (MS). The present case-control study was conducted in the City of Tehran, Iran with the purpose of finding any possible relations between food groups and MS.
Materials and Methods: In this case-control hospital-based study conducted in 2011 in the City of Tehran, data were collected on several variables including socio-economic status, life style, and food intakes of 70 MS patients and 140 controls matched for age and gender, through interviews and questionnaires. All the statistical tests were done using the SPSS software version 16. Logistic regression was used to calculate the odds ratio (OR).
Results: After adjusting for confounding variables, it was seen that subjects in the upper tertile of intakes of the fruit group, tomatoes, other vegetables, and liquid oils, were significantly less likely to be suffering from MS disease, the odds ratio being 68% (OR: 0.32 95% CI: 0.13-0.79), 82% (OR: 0.18 95% CI: 0.05-0.65), 61% (OR: 0.39 95% CI: 0.93-0.16), and 94% (OR: 0.06 95% CI: 0.08-0.58), respectively. On the other hand, subjects shown to be significantly less at risk of the disease were those in the upper tertile of the intakes of non-liquid oil [ 1.58 times (OR: 2.58 95% CI: 1.05-6.33) ] and soft drinks [1.87 times (OR: 2.87 95% CI: 1.17-7.02)] (p for trend < 0.05).
Conclusion: The findings of this study support the probable role of nutrition in preventing multiple sclerosis.
Rahimeh Abdoli, Mohammad Mehdi Sedaghat, Mohammad Ali Oshaghi, Hamideh Edalat, Zakieh Telmadarraiy, Sahar Azarmi, Mohammad Javad Rafinejad,
Volume 17, Issue 1 (6-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Ixodidae (hard ticks) are obligate blood-feeders of vertebrates with majorroles in transmission of pathogenic microorganisms including theileriosis, babesiosis and CCHF virus, as well as relapsing fever, to domestic animals and humans. This study was conducted to determine the distribution of ixodidae species, vectors of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF), in the border areas in North West of Iran.
Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in Ahar and Kaliybar Counties, East Azarbaijan Province, Iran. Randomized cluster sampling was done in villages in the forest and mountainous regions. Ticks were isolated by forceps from the animals, kept in sampling tubes and transferred to the laboratory. Then the tick samples were identified using taxonomical keys.
Results: A total of 2022 hard ticks were isolated from 1400 head of livestock (1000, 200, 180 and 20 head of sheep, goat, cow and buffalo, respectively). On the average, the infestation rate was 1.44 per head of cattle ─ 0.11% in goats, 0.32% in sheep, 0.90% in buffaloes, 9.25% cows. Out of the ticks isolated, 498 (24.63%) were male, 741 (36.65%) were female and 782 (38.67%) nymph, plus one larva. The ticks belonged to the lxodidae family, including four genera: Hyalomma (88.82%, with the following three species: Hyalommaanatolicum (39.22%), Hyalommamarginatum (9.15%) and Hyalommaasiaticum (0.69%)); Rhipicephalus (8.8%); Dermasentor (1.58%); and Haemaphisalis (0.8%). The others identified were Hyalomma nymph (38.67%), Hyalomma sp. (1.04%) and Hyalomma larva (0.05%), Rhipicephalus bursa (5.19%), Rhipicephalussanguineus (3.61%), Dermasentor marinates(1.58%), Haemaphisalissulcata (0.59%), and Haemaphisalispunctata (0.15%), as well as Haemaphisalisconcinae (0.05%). Hyalommaanatolicum was the dominant species.
Conclusion: The dominant tick species in the regions studied was Hyalommaanatolicum, a tick having a major role in transmission of many disease vectors including CCHF, ovin babesiosis, theileriosis, anaplasmosis, ehrlichiosis, etc. It is essential that the provincial Contagious Disease Center and Veterinary Department take appropriate action with the collaboration of other relevant departments to combat the tick.
Mohammad Javad Kabir, Alireza Haydari, Mohammad Reza Honarvar, Zahra Khatirnameni, Abbas Badakhshan, Narges Rafiei, Sakine Beygom Kazemi, Seyed Mehdi Sedaghat, Mehrdad Kamangari, Masoumeh Gholami, Maryam Eri, Mansoureh Lotfi,
Volume 19, Issue 2 (9-2021)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The World Health Organization considers the implementation of the referral system to be a key step in improving the quality of services in health care systems. The purpose of this study was to explain the executive challenges of the electronic referral system in Golestan Province, Iran.
Materials and Methods: A qualitative study was conducted in Golestan Province, Iran in 2019 with a content analysis approach. The participants were family physicians, specialists, university staff managers, responsible health officers in the Offices of Deputy Ministers of Health, the General Directorate of Health Insurance, Department of Information Technology, Rural Health Network managers, health network managers and patients selected purposefully. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using the content analysis method.
Results: The main challenges of giving appointments to patients included the lack of time of family physicians, the irregular presence of specialists, difficulty in getting an appointment, and reverse referrals. As regards referrals and waiting times, the main challenges were found to be the lack of sufficient admissions following cancellation of the health insurance contract with the private sector, the delay of physicians in attending the health centers, long waiting times to be visited, and writing the feedback by the physicians. In addition, the main challenges of the visits and diagnosis included the short visiting times, the higher quality of the specialists' visits in the private sector, and the lack of clear guidelines. Finally, the main challenges as regards giving feedback were the reluctance and noncommitment of some specialists to provide feedback, as well as the low quality and lack of usability of the feedbacks given.
Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, the following actions and measures may help improve the current situation as regards the current referral systems: allocating sustainable resources; allocating financial credits; designing and implementing a reward and punishment system; reforming the queuing system; empowering medical students; and equipping specialists with electronic pens for giving written feedback.
Seyed Samad Beheshty, Hamid Sedaghat, Khirey Hamidpor,
Volume 20, Issue 4 (3-2023)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The social health of people is a phenomennon that can play an essential role in the development of the society. A question is: to what extent has the Imam Khomeini Relief Committee (IKRC), an organization established at the beginning of the Iranian Islamic revolution to deliver services and help and empower the poor people to get them out of poverty, been successful in affecting the social health of the household female heads? This study aimed to answer this question.
Materials and Methods: This research was conducted with a quantitative and survey approach, including 221 female heads of households under coverage of IKRC in Shiraz, Iran selected by the multi-stage cluster sampling method. The data collection tool was a questionnaire.
Results: The findings showed that the social health of the household female heads under coverage of IKRC and all its components were higher than the average level.
Conclusion: Based on the findings it can be concluded that the educational, health and financial
services provided by the Imam Khomeini Relief Committee could not have influenced significantly the social health of the service-seekers, although they could have affected some aspects of their lives. It is, thus, essential that the Committee revise the contents and the form of services delivered to female heads of households to promote their social health.
