Showing 12 results for Sharifi
F Asghari , A Fotouhi , A Sharifian , A Karimi ,
Volume 2, Issue 1 (2 2004)
Abstract
Hearing loss is a controversial occupational disease in fire fighters because exposure to hazardous levels of noise in this job is so variable and unpredictable. In this study, audiometric assessments were performed on 117 fire fighters to evaluate their hearing loss. The results showed that the average fire fighter has a characteristic noise-induced threshold shift, with maximum hearing loss occurring at 6000 Hz. The hearing loss at the test frequencies was related to age, although the association exceeded that of general population only in 6000 Hz frequency in left ear (p=0.021). Despite finding a pattern of threshold shift typical of occupational hearing loss, it must be noted that after controlling for age, there was no strong relation between length of time on the job and the degree of hearing loss. It seems that more extensive studies are needed to evaluate this relationship.
Salari M.h., Sharifi M.r., Golzari M., Sarabadi A.a., Kafilian H,
Volume 4, Issue 1 (2 2006)
Abstract
Background and Aim: As the population of the world increases, it is essential that food production keep pace. It will be necessary not only to produce more food, but also to maintain this food so that it is safe and wholesome for human consumption. The purpose of this study was to investigate the rate of Coliform, Staphylococcus aureus, Mould, Yeast and other aerobic and mesophilic bacteria as contaminats of milk and milk products in Yazd province.
Material and Methods: In this study a total of 198 different samples including Milk (24.2%), Yoghurt (21.2%), Cream (12.1%), Cheese (18.2%), Ice cream (12.1%) and dairy powders (12.1%) were investigated by culture method and biochemical tests. Then obtained data were analyzed by SPSS and χ2 programs.
Results: On the basis of our findings, of the total samples, 136 cases (68.7%) were desirable, 48 cases (24.2%) acceptable and 14 cases (7.1%) undesrable. Microbial contaminants of undesrable samples were coliform (7.1%), Staphylococcus aureus (6.1%) and yeast (6.1%). Meanwhile, the results of χ2 Statistical analysis test, showed significant different between contamination rate and kind of Milk products (df = 5, χ2 = 17.75, P<0.005(.
Conclustion: It seems that despite the efforts, which have been done for prevention of food contamination in Yazd province, it is still considered as a threat for people Health.
R Goodarzi Rad , V Sharifi , A Rahimi-Movaghar , A Farhoudian , E Sahimi, M.r Mohammadi , N Mansouri , A Nejatisafa ,
Volume 4, Issue 3 (3 2006)
Abstract
Background and Aim: To describe the trends in research articles in the field of mental health.
Materials and Methods: The articles that we reviewed belonged to the fields of psychiatry, psychology, and neuroscience. We limited the search to the literature published over the 30-year period from 1973 to 2002. The following types of data were extracted: areas of research, specific topics, study design, location for data collection, funding sources, and the different types of working relationship among the authors.
Results: Analysis of publication trends in 3031 articles showed a marked increase in the total number of publications with time, especially over the last 5 years. As for different research areas, we detected a growing proportion of articles in the field of neuroscience and a decline in articles dealing with mental health. The volume of research in the fields of psychology, epidemiology and clinical sciences remained relatively constant. There was a rise in the proportion of cross-sectional studies and clinical trials in the second half of the 30-year period.
Conclusion: It is important to find the reasons and implications for the waning interest in mental health. Our results could provide an empirical basis in policy making and strategic planning for research in this area
A Salehi Sahl Abadi, G Nasl Saraji, H Zeraati, A Sharifian,
Volume 6, Issue 3 (13 2009)
Abstract
Background and Aim: One of the most prevalent occupational diseases and conditions is musculo-skeletal disorders (MSDs) that impose expensive medical-recompense expenses, organic damages, and work-time wasting. The aim of this study was to detect spine curvatures (cervical, back/ low back, lumbar) and prevalence of musculo-skeletal disorders in assembly workers of Bahman automobile company, Tehran, Iran.
Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study 160 assembly workers of Bahman Automobile Manufacturing Company (vans, cars), Tehran, Iran were included. In the descriptive part data were collected on the demographic characteristics of the subjects. In the analytical section associations among the dependent variables, as well as between the dependent and independent variables, were determined. The Nordick Questionnaire, a scale, and a flexible ruler were used for data collection. The SPSS software was used for data analysis.
Results: Although the mean age of the participants was low (30.89 yrs), the prevalence of MSDs was high (69.4% 1.58). The most prevalenct of the MSDs was in the lumbar part (n=83 %51.9) and the least in the hip and femoral region (n=9: %5.6). Significant associations (p < 0.05) were found between MSDs prevalence and independent factors (age, years of working, marital status). However, cervical, back, lumbar curvatures and the Delmax index were not statistically related with MSDs.
Conclusion: This study shows that associations exist between muscleo-skeletal disorders and age, years of working, height, and marital status. The findings also reveal that there is no relation between MSDs and the vertebral curvatures (cervical, back, lumbar), except the neck curvature in the car (not van) assembly workers. It may be concluded that genetics and environmental conditions can adversely affect the musculo-skeletal health. We cannot control the genetic factors. However, one can provide more favorable environmental conditions. For example, employing younger workers may help decrease the musculo-skeletal disorders.
Azar Tol, Gholamreza Sharifi Rad, Ahmad Ali Eslami, Fatemeh Alhani, Mohammad Reza Mohajeri Tehrani, Davoud Shojaeezadeh,
Volume 9, Issue 4 (13 2012)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Diabetes mellitus is a widespread disease. Diabetes patients should be fully familiar with the different dimensions of this chronic disease and possess the skills required for self-management and self-care. They should realize that each patient is a different case. It is to be noted that promoting self-management behavior is an essential component of case management in type-2 diabetes mellitus. The objective of this study was to assess self-management behavior of type-2 diabetes patients in Isfahan, Iran and determine factors influencing it.
Materials and Methods: This was a 6-month cross-sectional study conducted in 2011. The study population was type-2 diabetes patients consulting an outpatient diabetes center in Isfahan, Iran. The sample included a group of 350 patients selected by the continuous sampling method. The self-management behavior of the patients was assessed using a diabetes self-management instrument (DSMI), containing questions on 5 domains. The responses were rated on a 5-point Likert scale and SPSS software, version 11.5 was used for analyzing the collected data.
Results: The response rate was 88%. The majority of the patients were 50-60 years (55.52 ± 8.42) old and 54.3% of them demonstrated borderline metabolic control according to the World Health Organization criteria. Mean scores of self-integration, self-regulation, interaction with health professionals and other influential persons, self-monitoring blood glucose, and adherence to recommended regime were 33.67±6.36, 29.09±5.9, 27.08±4.81, 11.71±3.91 and 11.46±2.9, respectively. On the whole, the global diabetes self-management behavior seemed to be not quite desirable (the score was at an intermediate level). Further analysis of the data revealed that self-management behaviors (at 3 levels, namely, desirable, intermediate, and undesirable) had significant associations (p<0.001) with demographic (age, gender, marital status, education level) and health-related (duration of diabetes, diabetes-related diseases, diabetes complications, general health, type of treatment, family income, and serum HbA1C level) variables. Self-management behavior had no association with disease history
Conclusion: Empowerment of patients afflicted with diabetes and, more generally, non-communicable diseases, which are quite prevalent and on the increase, in the area of self-management at the individual and community level will be a vital step towards promotion of health of the population.
Mahtab Ashrafi Khouzani, Somayeh Sharifi Nia, Parivash Kordbache, Seyed Jamal Hashemi, Azar Berahmeh, Sasan Rezaei,
Volume 12, Issue 4 (3-2015)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Candida albicans, the most common human fungal commensal pathogen, is a normal member of the human microbiota which can colonize the oral cavity, vagina and gastrointestinal tract. This opportunistic pathogen can cause diseases ranging from mucosal infections to systemic mycoses, depending on the vulnerability and weakness of the immune system of the host. In addition, it is the most common cause of septicemia with 50-100% mortality. Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation is an electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength of 100-400 nm. It reduces the synthesis of proteins and nucleic acids, retards growth, and causes mutation in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. Previous investigators have reported on the different effects of UV irradiation on Candida albicans including cidal effect, inhibitory growth, as well as phenotype switching. In the present study we investigated the effect of UV-B irradiation on C. albicans’s growth in a solid medium, production of chlamydoconidia, carbohydrate assimilation and pathogenesis in mice.
Material and Methods: C. albicans was grown in a SC medium, followed by incubation at 30° C for 24 hours and irradiating the cells with UV-B for 5,10,15,20 min at 302 nm wavelength by transilluminator. A sample of non-irradiated yeast cells served as control.
Results: After 24, 48 and 72 hours of irradiation growth rate was reduced, the maximum reduction occurring after 20 minute. There was no difference between irradiated and non-irradiated C. albicans samples as regards sugars assimilation. Irradiation could inhibit production of chlamidoconidia by the fungus, the magnitude of inhibition increasing with increasing length of exposure to irradiation, such that after 20 minutes no chlamidoconidia could be seen in the medium. Further analysis of the data showed that pathogenicities of the fungus in irradiated and control samples were not statistically different. Neither was there any difference between them as regards size or number of bands of DNA molecules on 1% agarose gel.
Conclusion: The findings throw some light on how UVB irradiation can affect the phenotype of C. albicans isolates. Certainly more studies, e.g., on gene regulation, are required to find the effects of UVB at the molecular level in this fungus.
Mohammad Mehdi Soltan Dallal, Narges Torkashvand, Mohammad Kazem Sharifi Yazdi, Maryam Mousivand, Maryam Hashemi,
Volume 13, Issue 2 (9-2015)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Xylanases are widely used in various food industries, including livestock and poultry feed industries, the pulp and paper industry, as well as the pharmaceutical industry. Several strains of microorganisms are capable of producing this enzyme by different mechanisms, Bacilliaceae being one of its important sources at the commercial scale. The culture medium for xylan is expensive and, therefore, it is not economical to use in producing xylanase by Bacillus subtilis S7e. The purpose of this study was to explore the possibility of using industrial-agricultural wastes as a source of carbon and nitrogen in submerged fermentation, for producing xylanase in amounts higher than that which can be produced by xylan culture (10048 U/).
Materials and methods: The indigenous strain of Bacillus subtilis S7e was cultured in the xylan medium, followed by incubation at 30°, 37° and 40° C. Then the nitrogen sources (rapeseed meal, soybean meal, tomato seeds, tea seeds, peptone, Vinas alcohol, casein, and ammonium sulfate) and carbon sources (molasses, wheat bran, rice bran, rice industry waste, gluten waste, malt waste, whey powder, and bagasse) were substituted for the meat and yeast extracts and the xylan culture medium, respectively.
Results : The maximum enzyme activity was observed at 30° C after 48 hours of incubation (6183U/l). Rapeseed meal with an enzyme activity of 10048U/l and molasses with an enzyme activity of 3759U/l were found to be the best nitrogen and carbon sources for Bacillus subtilis S7e , respectively.
Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, f rom an economic point of view, agricultural-industrial wastes (rapeseed meal and molasses) are an excellent substitute for the more expensive culture media currently in use for producing the enzyme xylanase.
Ali Ahmad Rafiei-Rad, Ali Akbar Haghdoost, Hamid Sharifi,
Volume 16, Issue 4 (3-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Condom use in extramarital sexual relations is a major tool, protecting the two partners against venereal diseases. Therefore, it is essential to investigate this matter. This study aimed to determine the reasons for using and not using the condom by the Iranian youth
in their extramarital sexual relations and the related cultural issues.
Materials and Methods: This was a national cross-sectional survey using multistage sampling in 13 provinces in Iran, including 3246 participants 19-29 years old, conducted in 2014, using a questionnaire to collect data.
Results: The proportion of males in the sample was 51% and that of females 49%. On the whole, 19.5% of the participants (31.7% of the males and 6.9% of the females) had had extramarital sex relations. The proportions of the participants with a history of extramarital sex using the condom at every intercourse, almost at every intercourse, sometimes and never were 21.7%, 15.4%, 35.3% and 27.6%, respectively. The reasons for not using the condom regularly were unavailability of the condom, not liking it, its high price, it not being necessary and using other tools.
Conclusion: The major reasons for not using the condom had cultural roots or were related to personal and cultural preferences. Encouraging condom use widely would require appropriate cultural policy-making
Homeira Soleimannejad, Hamid Poursharifi, Jahansha Mohammadzadeh, Kourosh Sayemiri,
Volume 17, Issue 1 (6-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Adolescents' attitude to suicide is one of the major problems in mental health. Thus, research in this area is of utmost importance. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of an integrated protocol in reducing the negative attitude toward problem solving as a determinant of suicidal tendency in adolescents and young people 15-24 years old in Ilam, Iran.
Materials and Methods: In this semi-experimental pretest-posttest study with a control group, a sample of 40 adolescents 15-24 years old were selected by random cluster sampling in Ilam city, Iran. All of the participants completed a suicidal attitude questionnaire, as well a negative- attitude-toward-problem solving questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the SPSS-V19 software, the statistical test being the multivariate covariance analysis (MANCOVA).
Results: Multivariate analysis of variance analysis showed that there was a significant difference in the attested scores of the two groups (P <0.01, F = 0.408, Wilk's Lambda = 0.506). The differences between the experimental and control groups were significant as regards all of the components of the negative attitude. The training based on the integrated approach to negative attitude in problem solving was found to have been effective. The post-test scores of two variables, namely, problem tendency-avoidance and personal control, decreased in the experimental group; however, one other variable, namely, trust in problem-solving, increased.
Conclusion: Based on the findings it can be concluded that education based on an eclectic (integrated) approach towards the negative attitude to problem solving can be effective in adolescents and the youth 15-24 years old with suicidal tendencies ─ suicidality. Hence, it is recommended to administer training programs such as problem-solving, emotional regulation and mindfulness to help psychologists, parents, adolescents, health professionals and social pathologists to reduce and prevent suicide in adolescents.
Fatemeh Maarefi, Abdolnabi Sharifi,
Volume 19, Issue 1 (6-2021)
Abstract
Background and Aim: This study was performed to investigate the effect of mental wellbeing on flow at work with the mediator variable of perceived organizational support in Payam Noor University in Khuzestan Province, Iran.
Matrials and Methods: This was an applied research project. The research population was the personnel of Payam Noor University in Khuzestan Province, Iran. The sample size was, based on the Cochran formula, 228 subjects selected by stratified random sampling. Data were collected using a standard questionnaire (on a 5-point Likert scale), the validity of which was determined based on experts’ confirmation and confirmatory factorial analysis and the reliability by Cronbach alpha (in both cases over 0.7). Data analysis was done using the SPSS-21 and Amos software.
Results: The effects of mental wellbeing on flow at work and perceived organizational support were found to be 0.76, 0.48, respectively, the effect of perceived organizational support on flow at work being 0.23.
Conclusion: Based on the findings, it is concluded that mental wellbeing has a significant positive impact on flow at work and perceived organizational support. In addition, the mediating effect of perceived organizational support is confirmed.
Kobra Sharifiyan, Mohammadjafar Tarokh, Seyed Alireza Hashemi Golpayegani,
Volume 19, Issue 3 (3-2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim: One of the complex processes in the Ministry of Health and Medical Education in Iran is the process of registering pharmaceutical supplies. Currently the registration process is a multi-stage process, resulting in parallel services, a waste of time and unnecessary expenses. Therefore, an integrated system will improve the relevant service delivery. The purpose of this study was to identify a set of activities that could be collectively considered as a single service to create an integrated system for registering pharmaceutical supplies in the Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Iran.
Materials and Methods: This was an applied research, beginning with collecting information about the registration processes for 20 different products. In order to identify the services/steps of an integrated system for recording pharmaceutical supplies, first the Gray-Wolf multi-objective optimization (GWO) algorithm was proposed. Then the values of the algorithm parameters were extracted by the goal-based requirements analysis method and the algorithm was implemented. Finally the best services were extracted by the hierarchical analysis process.
Results: Through the proposed algorithm seven services were identified, including product class inquiry, document registration, document review according to license type and product class, licensing, laboratory services, clinical studies and payment service. These services were carefully approved with a precision of 97.3 by the experts of the Ministry of Health. The proposed framework for recording drug requirements was found to be effective and could facilitate the process by up to 90%, reduce the processing time by 80% and reduce the processing costs by 65%.
Conclusion: Creating an integrated system for registering pharmaceutical supplies is one of the important challenges of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education. This can be achieved by identifying services and combining these services to create an integrated system.
Aram Halimi, Goljamal Jorjani, Leyla Sharifi Aliabadi, Mohammad Reza Taherian, Haniyeh Yeganeh, Matin Shokrgozar, Gholamreza Ebrahimi, Mohammad Hossein Panahi,
Volume 22, Issue 1 (10-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: This study aimed to assess and prioritize the health needs of a community served by the Imamzadeh Ghasem Health Center in Tehran city, Iran.
Materials and Methods: This study was conducted based on the North Carolina model for comprehensive community health assessment. General information and available facilities were extracted from secondary sources, while insights into specific community needs were gathered through interviews with 76 individuals representing diverse demographics. The assessment was made by secondary data analysis and direct interviews.
Finally, the prioritization of health needs of the community was based on a scoring system based on severity, extent, and ease of being solved.
Results: The findings revealed that sewage problems, construction issues and waste management were considered to be the primary health concerns in the region. Comparative analysis with the situation in other regions in Iran emphasizes the unique challenges faced by the community in the present study.
Conclusion: The prioritized health issues highlight the community's urgent needs, requiring targeted interventions. Proposed solutions include legal measures, public education and municipal interventions to address the sewage, construction and waste management problems.
