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Amineh Naderi, Shahram Fattahi, Somayeh Azami,
Volume 17, Issue 1 (6-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The trade-off between monetary wealth and fatal safety risks is explained by the value of statistical life, an efficient tool widely used to evaluate projects and allocate appropriate resources for road safety. The objective of this study was to estimate the statistical significance of life in order to improve road safety in the city of Ardabil, Iran.
Materials and Methods: Data were collected, in 2017, using a questionnaire for interviewing 300 drivers traveling daily in the city and analyzed using the stated choice method and the mixed logit model. First the purpose of the interview was explained to the drivers and, after they agreed to collaborate, the interviews were conducted. The authors pledged to keep the information confidential.
Results: The statistical value of life and of the injury for road safety improvement were estimated to be 1,077,551,000 and 1,178,570 Iranian Rials, respectively. The richer people, older people and those with university education were more willing to pay for road safety improvements.
Conclusion: One of the strategies for economic investment in improving road safety can be conducting collaborative research projects with other institutions, as well as using the experiences of countries successful in this field. In addition, road safety improvement projects can, in order to absorb capital, target richer people.
Ensiyeh Babaie, Fereshteh Bakhshian, Aram Karimian, Reza Saadatmehr,
Volume 17, Issue 3 (12-2019)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Considering that a person’s identity in formed during adolescence and that such identity formation is of particular importance in this period and the many factors that play important roles in it, the present study was conducted to determine the factors related with identity formation among high school students in Mazandaran Province, Iran.
Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive-analytic cross-sectional study. The participants were 394 high school students in Mazandaran Province, Iran selected by random cluster sampling. Data were collected using 3 questionnaires, namely, the Benion and Adams Identity Scale Questionnaire (EOM-EIS-2), the Identification Factors Questionnaire and a Demographic Questionnaire. For data analysis, Wilcoxon, Spearman correlation and linear regression tests were used.
Results: Over half (51.8%) of the participants were girls and 48.2% boys. The results of regression analysis showed that the factors studied (family, personality, school, community and culture and media) could explain 22.7%, 11.2%, 10.5% and 21.2% of the variance in turbulent, early, delayed and advanced self-identification in adolescents, respectively.
Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it is recommended to organize parenting and student training courses and make the school environment more favorable for the students, as well as include extracurricular activities in the school to help students identify themselves more easily.
Vahid Kazemizadeh, Naser Behpour,
Volume 18, Issue 2 (9-2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Previous research has shown that many factors can affect sportspersons’ quality of life. Sleep deprivation is one of these factors. Based on laboratory evidence, a number of possible mechanisms for the relationship between sleep deprivation and quality of life of sportspersons have been suggested. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of sleep deprivation on the quality of life of sport science students.
Materials and Methods: This was an experimental research study. The sample was 20 volunteer male sport science students selected by simple random sampling using a counterbalanced intra-group design. Data on the volunteer students were collected at two time points under controlled conditions in the university dormitory: 1. after twelve hours of fasting and eight hours of sufficient sleep, and 2. after twelve hours of fasting and thirty hours of full lack of sleep. The initial and final quality of life of the subjects were assessed and compared using the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL_BREF). Changes in the dependent variable resulting from intervention were analyzed using the dependent t-test at p<0.05 with the SPSS software ver.22.
Results: Analysis of the data showed that 30 hours of sleep deprivation significantly reduced the quality of life scale, perception of physical health, mental health, social relationships, environmental health and the general health of the students (p=0.012).
Conclusion: According to the results of this study, it is concluded that 30 hours of sleep deprivation can bring about a significant change in the quality of life of active male sport science students. Athletes need more sleep than inactive people because of exercise needs that affect the quality and quantity of sleep. Therefore, coaches and athletes are advised to identify the factors that cause sleep deprivation and, based on this, try to prevent athletes from falling asleep during training and competitions, and consequently reduce the negative effect of sleep deprivation on sports performance.
