Search published articles


Showing 24 results for Shoja
A Study on the Effect of Educational Intervention Based on Health Belief Model on Infection Control Among Dental Students of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
Masoumeh Amiri Siavashani, Davoud Shojaeizadeh, Kamal Azam,
Volume 16, Issue 1 (6-2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Observance of the principles of infection control in dentistry is the basis of preventing the transmission of dangerous diseases such as AIDS, hepatitis and preventing the spread of diseases in the community. In view of the importance of dentistry education in the field of observance of the principles of infection control, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of educational intervention on infection control among dental students of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences.
Materials and Methods: The present study is a pre and post interventional study that the number of samples is 75 dental students referred to Endodontics Department of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences for endodontic treatment and radiotherapy of teeth during treatment in the academic year of 95-96 that were selected by available sampling method and after determining the sample size, a researcher-made questionnaire was prepared based on the Health Belief Model and verified in terms of validity and reliability, and completed in two stages before and after training with a 3 month interval. Three training sessions were conducted in this study for 15-30 minutes during the course of one month as group training and question and answer. During these meetings, students were given useful materials about infection control in dentistry, pathogenic microorganisms, transmission methods, and infection control guidelines in dentistry radiology. The data gathering tool was a questionnaire based on Health Belief Model. after data collection, spss21 software was used to analyze them. Non-parametric Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests, paired t-test and non-parametric Wilcoxon test were used for statistical analysis of the 0/05 significance level before and after the knowledge and structures of the health belief model.
Results: The results of statistical analysis showed that 62.7% of the participants were female students and 89.3% of single students, and the participants in the study were from 8,9,11 terms. The results of this study showed that the mean and standard deviation of knowledge and performance scores of students toward infection control before training were 11.48 ± 2.23 and 5.48 ± 0. 93, respectively, and after the training were increased to 14.75±0.57 and 9.36 ± 0.91. This difference was statistically significant by doing paired t-test (p  the comparison of the mean and standard deviation of the scores of other aspects of the health belief model regarding infection control among dentistry students also showed a significant increase.
Conclusion:  According to the results, it can be concluded that education based on the health belief model has been effective in controlling infection in dentistry students.
Tolerance of Plants to Air Pollution in the Industrial Complex of Glass, Khak-e-Chini, Tile and Ceramics in Ardakan, Iran
Saeid Shojaee Barjoee , Hamid Reza Azimzadeh, Asghar Mosleh Arani,
Volume 18, Issue 1 (5-2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI), as a criterion for assessing plants' resistance to air pollution, is one of the important tools for managing air quality around industrial complex buildings. The aim of this study was to determine air quality and the APTI of native plants grown around the Industrial Complex of Glass, Khak-e-chini, Tile and Ceramics and Glass in Ardakan, Iran.
Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study. First, the concentration of air pollutants in the industrial area was assessed. Then, APTI was determined as follows: measuring the pH of leaf extracts, relative water content, total chlorophyll and ascorbic acid contents of leaves in samples of native plant leaves. In addition, the concentrations of lead, chromium and cadmium were measured in plants by atomic absorption using the dry digestion method. For statistical analysis of the data the SPSS software version 22 was used.
Results: The mean plant concentrations of Co, O3, NO2, SO2 and PM10 in the industrial are were 2.06 ppm, 7.75 ppm, 3.28 ppm, 33.94 ppb and 70.55 µg/m3, respectively; these concentrations were all below the respective standards, as were those of lead, cadmium and chromium. The tolerance index of plants around the Industrial Complex was measured in the floor/parts sensitive to air pollution, proportional to low air quality pollutant and heavy metal concentrations in plants. Among the rangeland, tree and shrubs species, the following had the highest air pollution tolerance index, respectively:  Boiss.fortuynia (8.49), Punica granatum (16.80) and Albizia lebbeck (9.37).
Conclusion: Based on the Air Pollution Tolerance Index it is suggested that the nonproductive species Punica granatum be used as a more tolerant species and Artemisia species as a biomarker for the expansion of green space.
Strengthening Primary Health Care System Resilience in Covid-19 Pandemic: A Scoping Review
Ali Mohammad Mosadeghrad, Tina Taherkhani, Shayan Shojaei, Matin Jafari, Sara Mohammadi, Alireza Emamzadeh, Shahrzad Akhavan,
Volume 20, Issue 1 (6-2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Primary health care is a holistic approach that aims to maximize people's health and well-being as quickly as possible in their immediate living environment. The primary health care system is the first point of contact of the people with the health system. Therefore, increasing its resilience will play a significant role in controlling and managing pandemics. This research aimed to identify strategies to strengthen the resilience of the primary health care system in the Covid-19 pandemic.

Materials and Methods: This study was conducted using the scoping review method. Using appropriate keywords search was done on the subject of the study in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, SID, Iranmedex and Magiran databases and Google and Google Scholar search engines. Finally, after screening and reviewing the titles, abstracts and texts of the retrieved documents, 36 articles were selected and strategies to strengthen the resilience of the primary health care system in the Covid-19 pandemic were extracted from them.
Results: A total of 48 strategies/solutions were extracted to strengthen the resilience of the primary health care system, categorized into 6 groups, namely, governance and leadership, financing, human resources, medicines and equipment, health information systems, and health service delivery. Among the most frequently solutions mentioned were the following: Dynamic and accountable leadership, using valid research evidence in policy-making, contingency planning, increasing inter-sectoral cooperation, advocacy for health policies, community involvement, sustainable financing, recruiting additional staff and training and supporting them, providing sufficient stocks of medicines and diagnostic kits, developing and modernizing public health information systems, facilitating people's access to health centers, continuing to provide health services, and increasing the community’s health literacy.
Conclusion: The structural and process components of the primary health care system including "governance and leadership", "financing", "staff", "equipment, vaccines and medicines", "information" and "health care delivery" should be strengthened in a coordinated manner in the primary health care system to be prepared for future epidemics.
 
Prevalence and Distribution of Common Rotavirus Genotypes in Iran and Comparing them with Vaccine Strains Before the Start of the National Vaccination Program
Somayeh Jalilvand, Atefeh Kachooei, Tayebeh Latifi, Mahdieh Motamedi‐rad, Mohammad Farahmand, Nasir Mohajel, Zabihollah Shoja,
Volume 21, Issue 2 (9-2023)
Abstract
 
1. Franco MA, Angel J, Greenberg HB. Immunity and correlates of protection for rotavirus vaccines. Vaccine. 2006; 24(15):2718-31.
2. Glass RI, Parashar UD, Bresee JS, Turcios R, Fischer TK, Widdowson M-A, et al. Rotavirus vaccines: current prospects and future challenges. The Lancet. 2006;368(9532):323-32.
3. Parashar UD, Gibson CJ, Bresee JS, Glass RI. Rotavirus and severe childhood diarrhea. Emerging infectious diseases. 2006;12(2):304.
4. Kargar M, Zare M, Najafi A. Molecular epidemiology of rotavirus strains circulating among children with gastroenteritis in Iran. Iranian journal of pediatrics. 2012;22(1):63.
5. Modares S, Rahbarimanesh AA, Karimi M, Modares S, Motamedirad M, Sohrabi A, et al. Electrophoretic RNA genomic profiles of rotavirus strains prevailing among hospitalized children with acute gastroenteritis in Tehran, Iran. 2008.
6. Shoja Z, Jalilvand S, Mokhtari-Azad T, Nategh R. Epidemiology of cocirculating human rotaviruses in Iran. The pediatric infectious disease journal. 2013;32(4):e178-e81.
7. Jalilvand S, Roohvand F, Arashkia A, Shoja Z. Update on Epidemiology and Circulating Genotypes of Rotavirus in Iranian Children With Severe Diarrhea: 1986-2015. Int J Travel Med Glob Health. 2018;6(1):7-10.
8. Desselberger U. Rotaviruses. Virus research. 2014;190:75-96.
9. http://rega.kuleuven.be/cev/ viralmetagenomics/virus-classification/ rcwg. updated 25 Mar, 2021 [.
10. Santos N, Hoshino Y. Global distribution of rotavirus serotypes/genotypes and its implication for the development and implementation of an effective rotavirus vaccine. Reviews in medical virology. 2005;15(1):29-56.
11. Banyai K, Laszlo B, Duque J, Steele AD, Nelson EA, Gentsch JR, et al. Systematic review of regional and temporal trends in global rotavirus strain diversity in the pre rotavirus vaccine era: insights for understanding the impact of rotavirus vaccination programs. Vaccine. 2012;30(1):A122-30.
12. Doro R, Laszlo B, Martella V, Leshem E, Gentsch J, Parashar U, et al. Review of global rotavirus strain prevalence data from six years post vaccine licensure surveillance: is there evidence of strain selection from vaccine pressure? Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases. 2014;28:446-61.
13. Mwanga MJ, Owor BE, Ochieng JB, Ngama MH, Ogwel B, Onyango C, et al. Rotavirus group A genotype circulation patterns across Kenya before and after nationwide vaccine introduction, 2010-2018. BMC infectious diseases. 2020;20(1):1-12.
14. Matthijnssens J, Mino S, Papp H, Potgieter C, Novo L, Heylen E, et al. Complete molecular genome analyses of equine rotavirus A strains from different continents reveal several novel genotypes and a largely conserved genotype constellation. The Journal of general virology. 2012;93(Pt 4):866-75.
15. Matthijnssens J, Ciarlet M, Rahman M, Attoui H, Banyai K, Estes MK, et al. Recommendations for the classification of group A rotaviruses using all 11 genomic RNA segments. Archives of virology. 2008;153(8):1621-9.
16. Hutson AM, Atmar RL, Graham DY, Estes MK. Norwalk Virus Infection and Disease Is Associated with ABO Histo-Blood Group Type. The Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2002;185(9):1335-7.
17. Carlsson B, Kindberg E, Buesa J, Rydell GE, Lidón MF, Montava R, et al. The G428A nonsense mutation in FUT2 provides strong but not absolute protection against symptomatic GII.4 Norovirus infection. PLoS One. 2009;4(5):e5593.
18. Tan M, Jiang X. Histo-blood group antigens: a common niche for norovirus and rotavirus. Expert reviews in molecular medicine. 2014;16.
19. Liu Y, Ramelot TA, Huang P, Liu Y, Li Z, Feizi T, et al. Glycan Specificity of P[19] Rotavirus and Comparison with Those of Related P Genotypes. J Virol. 2016;90(21):9983-96.
20. Hu L, Sankaran B, Laucirica DR, Patil K, Salmen W, Ferreon ACM, et al. Glycan recognition in globally dominant human rotaviruses. Nat Commun. 2018;9(1):2631.
21. Yen C, Steiner CA, Barrett M, Curns AT, Hunter K, Wilson E, et al. Racial disparities in diarrhea-associated hospitalizations among children in five US States, before and after introduction of rotavirus vaccine. Vaccine. 2010;28(46):7423-6.
22. Payne DC, Currier RL, Staat MA, Sahni LC, Selvarangan R, Halasa NB, et al. Epidemiologic Association Between FUT2 Secretor Status and Severe Rotavirus Gastroenteritis in Children in the United States. JAMA pediatrics. 2015;169(11):1040-5.
23. Shoja Z, Jalilvand S, Mokhtari-Azad T, Nategh R. Epidemiology of cocirculating human rotaviruses in Iran. The Pediatric infectious disease journal. 2013;32(4):e178-81.
24. Shoja Z, Jalilvand S, Mollaei-Kandelous Y, Validi M. Epidemiology of viral gastroenteritis in Iran. The Pediatric infectious disease journal. 2014;33(2):218-20.
25. Kachooei A, Tava Koli A, Minaeian S, Hosseini M, Jalilvand S, Latifi T, et al. Molecular characterization of rotavirus infections in children less than 5 years of age with acute gastroenteritis in Tehran, Iran, 2021–2022: Emergence of uncommon G9P [4] and G9P [8] rotavirus strains. Journal of medical virology. 2023;95(2):e2852.
26. Motamedi-Rad M, Farahmand M, Arashkia A, Jalilvand S, Shoja Z. VP7 and VP4 genotypes of rotaviruses cocirculating in Iran, 2015 to 2017: Comparison with cogent sequences of Rotarix and RotaTeq vaccine strains before their use for universal mass vaccination. Journal of medical virology. 2020;92(8):1110-23.
27. Jalilvand S, Afchangi A, Mohajel N, Roohvand F, Shoja Z. Diversity of VP7 genes of G1 rotaviruses isolated in Iran, 2009-2013. Infection, genetics and evolution: journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases. 2016;37:275-9.
28. Morozova OV, Sashina TA, Fomina SG, Novikova NA. Comparative characteristics of the VP7 and VP4 antigenic epitopes of the rotaviruses circulating in Russia (Nizhny Novgorod) and the Rotarix and RotaTeq vaccines. Archives of virology. 2015;160(7):1693-703.
29. Mouna BH, Hamida-Rebai MB, Heylen E, Zeller M, Moussa A, Kacem S, et al. Sequence and phylogenetic analyses of human rotavirus strains: comparison of VP7 and VP8( *) antigenic epitopes between Tunisian and vaccine strains before national rotavirus vaccine introduction. Infection, genetics and evolution: journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases. 2013;18:132-44.
30. Zeller M, Patton JT, Heylen E, De Coster S, Ciarlet M, Van Ranst M, et al. Genetic analyses reveal differences in the VP7 and VP4 antigenic epitopes between human rotaviruses circulating in Belgium and rotaviruses in Rotarix and RotaTeq. Journal of clinical microbiology. 2011; 50(3):966-976.
31. Hoshino Y, Jones RW, Ross J, Honma S, Santos N, Gentsch JR, et al. Rotavirus serotype G9 strains belonging to VP7 gene phylogenetic sequence lineage 1 may be more suitable for serotype G9 vaccine candidates than those belonging to lineage 2 or 3. Journal of virology. 2004;78(14):7795-802.
32. Jin Q, Ward RL, Knowlton DR, Gabbay YB, Linhares AC, Rappaport R, et al. Divergence of VP7 genes of G1 rotaviruses isolated from infants vaccinated with reassortant rhesus rotaviruses. Archives of virology. 1996;141(11):2057-76.
33. Bányai K, Gentsch JR, Martella V, Bogdán Á, Havasi V, Kisfali P, et al. Trends in the epidemiology of human G1P [8] rotaviruses: a Hungarian study. The Journal of infectious diseases. 2009; 200 (1):S222-S7.
34. Magagula NB, Esona MD, Nyaga MM, Stucker KM, Halpin RA, Stockwell TB, et al. Whole genome analyses of G1P [8] rotavirus strains from vaccinated and non‐vaccinated South African children presenting with diarrhea. Journal of medical virology. 2015;87(1):79-101.
35. Kulkarni R, Arora R, Arora R, Chitambar SD. Sequence analysis of VP7 and VP4 genes of G1P [8] rotaviruses circulating among diarrhoeic children in Pune, India: A comparison with Rotarix and RotaTeq vaccine strains. Vaccine. 2014;32:A75-A83.
36. Zeller M, Patton JT, Heylen E, De Coster S, Ciarlet M, Van Ranst M, et al. Genetic analyses reveal differences in the VP7 and VP4 antigenic epitopes between human rotaviruses circulating in belgium and rotaviruses in rotarix™ and RotaTeq™. Journal of clinical microbiology. 2011:JCM. 05590-11.
37. Farahmand M, Jalilvand S, Arashkia A, Shahmahmoodi S, Afchangi A, Mollaei-Kandelous Y, et al. Association between circulating rotavirus genotypes and histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) in the children hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis in Iran. Journal of medical virology. 2021;93(8):7.
38. Ayouni S, Sdiri-Loulizi K, de Rougemont A, Estienney M, Ambert-Balay K, Aho S, et al. Rotavirus P[8] Infections in Persons with Secretor and Nonsecretor Phenotypes, Tunisia. Emerging infectious diseases. 2015;21(11):2055-8.
39. Nordgren J, Sharma S, Bucardo F, Nasir W, Gunaydin G, Ouermi D, et al. Both Lewis and secretor status mediate susceptibility to rotavirus infections in a rotavirus genotype-dependent manner. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. 2014;59(11):1567-73.
40. Yu Y, Lasanajak Y, Song X, Hu L, Ramani S, Mickum ML, et al. Human milk contains novel glycans that are potential decoy receptors for neonatal rotaviruses. Molecular & cellular proteomics: MCP. 2014;13(11):2944-60.
41. Huang P, Xia M, Tan M, Zhong W, Wei C, Wang L, et al. Spike protein VP8* of human rotavirus recognizes histo-blood group antigens in a type-specific manner. Journal of virology. 2012;86(9):4833-43.
42. Parker EP, Ramani S, Lopman BA, Church JA, Iturriza-Gomara M, Prendergast AJ, et al. Causes of impaired oral vaccine efficacy in developing countries. Future microbiology. 2018;13:97-118.









Prevalence and Distribution of Common Rotavirus Genotypes in Iran and Comparing them with Vaccine Strains Before the Start of the National Vaccination Program

Somayeh Jalilvan1, Atefeh Kachooei2, Tayebeh Latifi3, Mahdieh Motamedi‐Rad4, Mohammad Farahmand3, Nasir Mohajel5, Zabihollah Shoja6*
1- Ph.D. Associate Professor, Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2- Ph.D. Department of Virology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3- Ph.D. Department of Virology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4- MSc. Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
5- Ph.D. Assistant Professor, Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
6- Ph.D. Associate Professor, Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
* Corresponding author: zabihollahshoja@gmail.com, zshoja@alumnus.tums.ac.ir
Received: May 25, 2023                                                Accepted: Oct 11, 2023

ABSTRACT
Background and Aim: Since the discovery of rotaviruses in 1973, these viruses have been identified as one of the most important and common causes of diarrhea in infants and children all over the world. Before the introduction of rotavirus vaccination, this virus led to the death of more than 500,000 children in the world annually, which mainly occurs in developing countries. With the introduction of Rotarix and RotaTeq vaccines as well as ROTAVAC and ROTASIIL in the world, the death rate has decreased by 50%. Iran, like many countries, is in the period before rotavirus vaccination, and considering putting the rotavirus vaccine in the vaccination program is one of the priorities of the country's health system. Therefore, knowing the genotypes circulating in Iran in the past and recent years and their comparison with vaccine strains is very important. Our aim in the current study is to review the prevalence of rotavirus and its genotypes circulating in Iran and whether the existing vaccines based on the circulating strains in Iran can be effective.
Materials and Methods: Studies regard to the prevalence and genotypes of rotavirus in Iran were reviewed.
Results:  G1P[8] genotype includes more than 50% of circulating genotypes. Non-G1P[8] genotypes, including G4P[8], G3P[8] and G9P[8], have also had a high frequency in some studies. In addition, in a recent study, it has been shown that the rare and uncommon genotype G9P[4] has been introduced as a common genotype.
Conclusion: Studies in Iran have shown that the country may face a change in the rotavirus genotype pattern in the future. This study can provide useful information to recommend appropriate policies for rotavirus vaccination before the start of the national vaccination program and may even change policies for the use of existing vaccines.
 
Page 2 from 2     

© 2024 , Tehran University of Medical Sciences, CC BY-NC 4.0

Designed & Developed by : Yektaweb