Showing 10 results for Elderly
L Salehi , H Efftekhar Ardabili, K Mohammad , M Taghdisi , A Jazayery , D Shogaeizadeh , A Rashidian ,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (7-2008)
Abstract
Backgrounds and Aim: Increased life expectancies and decreased fertility rates have led to ageing populations worldwide. This phenomenon is one of the most important public health challenges of the current century. Previous studies have shown that identifying factors affecting lifestyle and educational needs help in designing new strategies for health promotion. This study was conducted to investigate the preparedness of the elderly to adopt a healthy lifestyle and factors affecting it in the City of Tehran in 2007.
Materials and Methods: This qualtative study included 60 elderly persons from Tehran elderly centers, using the focus group discussion method. Sampling was targeted and a qualitative methodology was used for analysis of the data collected.
Results: The results shows that different elderly persons have different views with regard to what physical and mental health is and what factors cause healthiness. They believe that regular physical activity is very beneficial but that there are many difficulties in performing regular physical activity. Most of the subjects are in the prepation, action and maintenance stages as regards physical activity. On the other hand, nearly all the subjects are in the precontemplation stage with regard to fruit and vegetable consumption, despite the many obstacles in following a healthy diet.
Conclution: The findings of this study show that many factors influence adoption of a healthy lifestyle by the elderly. Bearing these factors in mind, appropriate educational strategies aiming at facilitating adoption of a healthy lifestyle can be designed.
Zohreh Sadat Mirsaeedi, Hassan Eftekhar Ardebili, Keramat Allah Nouri Jalyani,
Volume 10, Issue 4 (3-2013)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The most important single determinant of the quality of life of the elderly is health. Studies have shown that health declines with age. Because of high vulnerablity of the elderly due to many problems, they need particular attention and self-care programs for their health promotion. The objective of this study was to assess the quality of life of elderly clients under coverage of the Southern Tehran Health Center and determine the effects of a self-care program on it.
Materials and Methods: This was a controlled interventional study conducted in 2010-2011. A total of 132 elderly clients (52 in the intervention, and 80 in the control, group) were selected by randomised cluster sampling from 5 Health Care Centers in Southern Tehran. A 3-month educational program was prepared with contents based on books published by the Ministry of Health and Medical Education and implemented. The quality of life was assessed in both groups at the beginning and 2 months after the intervention using a short questionnaire (sf36). Data were collected through a structured interview (demographic characterstics) and analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistical tests.
Results: The mean quality-of-life score of the experimental group increased after education the mean score of physical domain of the quality of life increased from 52.75 in 66.11 and that of the emotional domain from 53.61 to 70.85. The scores of different domains of quality of life of the control subjects did not change significantly.
Conclusion: The findings show that a self-care educational program can have a positive affect on quality of life of the elderly.
Hassan Eftekhar Ardebili, Farhad Lashkar Boloki, Abolghasem Jazayeri, Mohammad Ariaei, Mansoureh Minaei,
Volume 12, Issue 2 (10-2014)
Abstract
Background an Aim: Aging trend especially in developing country is increasing. This study aimed to assess the nutritional status of the elderly and its associated factors in Gorgan .
Materials and Methods: This is a cross sectional study that two-stage cluster sampling method was used for considering participant. The data were collected using Mini Nutritional Assessment and anthropometric questionnaire which was referred to the elderly inhabitant in urban area. 541 elder were interviewed and data were analyzed by chi square, independent T test and one way ANOVA tests.
Results : The prevalence of malnutrition was %4/8 and nearly %44/7 of the elderly were at the risk of malnutrition. %51/9 of the elderly were on a special diet due to a disease or specific condition. Malnutrition frequency and the risk of it were higher in woman than men and the difference between sexes was statistically significant. BMI, mid arm circumference and calf circumference measures in elderly with malnutrition were less than elderly with good nutrition, and the difference was statistically significant
Conclusion: The risk of malnutrition in elderly who exposed to socio-economic, mental and also dental difficulties, living alone and female old age was higher than others groups. The implementation of supportive and nutritional programs is more important in this group.
Hossein Farrokhi, Vahid Mostafapour, Zahra Bondar Kakhki,
Volume 16, Issue 2 (9-2018)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Sleep disorders and insomnia are problems which create many problems for the elderly and imperil their physical and mental health. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of multi-component cognitive-behavioral therapy on insomnia symptoms and sleep parameters in elderly people.
Materials and Methods: The statistical population includes all the elderly people residing in Kahrizak nursing home, Tehran. The sample consisted of 30 elderly people with insomnia selected by purposive sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups.They completed the Athens Insomnia Scale and Sleep Log. The experimental group received the Edinger’s insomnia disorder multi-component cognitive-behavioral therapy in six 90-min sessions; the control group received no intervention.
Results: Based on MANCOVA, ANCOVA and Benferoni post hoc, group comparison in the pre-test and follow-up showed that the average scores of insomnia and sleep-onset latency were statistically significantly reduced in the experimental group as compared to the control group, and the total length of sleep was significantly increased (P≤ 0/001). Follow-up did not reveal any significant differences between the experimental and control groups as regards the total time of staying in bed.
Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended that psychologists and nurses working in area of elderly use the multi-component cognitive-behavior therapy to improve the sleep quality of the elderly.
Maryam Tajvar, Alimohammad Mosadeghrad, Mehdi Yaseri, Maria Mohammadi,
Volume 17, Issue 4 (3-2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Iran is experiencing a very fast population ageing, ranking 3rd globally in terms of pace of population ageing. The increase in the elderly population has been accompanied by an increase in demand for health services. A knowledge and understanding of the utilization of health services by the elderly are essential for resource allocation and health planning. This study aimed to investigate the utilization of in-patient services by the Iranian elderly and explore its determinants.
Materials and Methods: This study was a secondary analysis of the data of a cross-sectional National Study on the Utilization of Health Services in Iran, including 22470 households across the country. The study population was people aged 60 years and over, the sample size being 8205 individuals selected by stratified random sampling from provinces, towns and villages. A questionnaire was used to collect information on the need of the individuals to hospitalized services during the last one year and receiving the required services and analyzed using multilevel logistic regression to identify the factors related to the utilization of inpatient health services.
Results: Of the 8205 participants, 1411 (17%) reported that they needed in-patient services at least once during the previous year, about 93% of whom referred to a hospital, of whom about 1288 (97%) finally had finally received the required services. The factors related to inpatient service utilization were age (p=0.03) and having insurance status (p<0.001), such that the older individuals and those with no insurance, although they had higher inpatient service needs, received less services. The most important cause of dissatisfaction in the towns was related to the behavior of nurses and non-physician personnel and in villages long waiting time for receiving a service. Finally, the most important causes being not willing to be hospitalized were the high service cost and no health insurance coverage.
Conclusion: The older people and those with no insurance should be priority groups in health service utilization policy-making and planning, so that they can access and receive better services. The causes of low inpatient service utilization and dissatisfaction should be taken into consideration seriously by health service providers and managers.
Maryam Tajvar, Mehdi Yaseri, Roya Mahmoudi, Badriyeh Karami,
Volume 18, Issue 2 (9-2020)
Abstract
Background and Aim: “Active ageing” is the process of optimizing opportunities for health, participation and security of the elderly in order to enhance their quality of life. This study aimed to measure the Active Ageing Index (AAI) in Tehran at the individual level and determine its determinants.
Materials and Methods: This quantitative cross-sectional study included 590 old people 55 years old and above, selected by randomized cluster sampling and interviewed at their homes in various areas of Tehran. The AAI tool, which includes 4 domains ─ employment, participation, secure/safe life and an empowering environment ─ and 22 indicators was used to measure active ageing. The association between individual characteristics of older people and their AAI scores was determined using the mixed-effect linear regression analysis method, with the STATA software.
Results: The overall AAI score in Tehran was found to be 26.8 out of 100, it being 33.9 and 20.6 for men and women, respectively. Being a women, older, poorer, and living alone or in a large family resulted in significantly lower AAI scores as compared to being a man, younger, richer, living with others, and living in a smaller family.
Conclusion: Iranian older people, particularly women, are experiencing relatively inactive lives. Their AAI scores are particularly low in the third and fourth domains. Considering the high rate of population aging in Iran, providing a safe environment for an active life for the elderly, particularly for the groups found to have a less active life, is a top priority.
Farahnaz Mohammadi-Shahboulaghi, Tahereh Ramezani, Dariush Panahizadeh, Sholeh Hazarian, Reza Fadayevatan,
Volume 19, Issue 4 (3-2022)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Delivering health services to the elderly is one of the most important responsibilities of the health care system of any country. In order to improve the provision of health services to the elderly population under its coverage, the National Social Security Organization conducted this study with the aim of designing, implementing and evaluating a model for providing outpatient health care services to the elderly population under the coverage of its Tehran Province Office.
Materials and Methods: This was a sequential-exploratory mixed-method study. The initial model was developed and validated using the integrated review method and the final model using the Delphi technique and group discussions with experts. Then the educational program was developed and implemented for the health team. Assessment of the effectiveness of the program was done using a researcher-made knowledge and attitude questionnaire (pre- and post-test). The model was then implemented in the Khandan-e-Hakim Clinic. The effectiveness of the model implementation was determined based on the qualitative content analysis of the interviews with the elderly and qualitative content analysis of the health team comments.
Results: The outpatient care model of the elderly included an organized clinical process consisting of 6 phases. The mean age of the health team members was 45.7±15.11 years. The difference between the health team satisfaction total scores before and after participating in the educational program was statistically significant (P≤0.05). Further analysis of the data showed, based on the interviews with the elderly, the main categories to be "assessment of cognitive function, mood and behavior", "physical assessment", "appreciation of the health and dignity of the elderly" and "satisfaction of the elderly and their companions". Analysis of the comments of the health team revealed their satisfaction with the implementation of the model.
Conclusion: The introduced model can make possible rapid identification of health problems and timely intervention in the elderly population. This implementation model will help disease prevention and complications at different levels. The findings of this study can help service providers to provide better care and health services for the elderly.
Zahra Taheri-Kharameh, Tahereh Ramezani,
Volume 22, Issue 1 (10-2024)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The Integrated and Comprehensive Geriatric Care Program (ICGCP) of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MOHME), Iran was designed about a decade ago and is being implemented to maintain and improve the health of the elderly. The program has not been evaluated so far. A comprehensive evaluation of this program is deemed necessary to determine whether this program requires revision or process improvement. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the ICGCP of MOHME using the Context, Input, Process, Product (CIPP) model in Qom province.
Materials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study included the entire personnel of the health centers in Qom province as the statistical population. The data collection tool was a two-section questionnaire containing items on demographic information and a researcher-made evaluation questionnaire of the current elderly care program based on the four areas of the CIPP evaluation model. Participants meeting the study's inclusion criteria were enrolled through census sampling. The data were analyzed using the SPSS software version 24.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 34.92 ± 6.98 years, 140 (84.3%) being females. Data analysis showed the following results as Mean ± SD: (1). A regards the context, for the items "Target group's need for the program" and "Identification of the potential of other influential organizations in program implementation": 3.71 ± 1.01 and 2.21 ± 0.99, respectively. (2). As regards input, for the items "Identification of program audiences" and "Necessary budget and funding for the program": 3.70 ± 0.95 and 2.23 ± 0.95, respectively. (3). As regards process, for the items "Program evaluation by officials and executing personnel," and "Recording and tracking issues during the program”: 3.16 ± 0.90 and 2.69 ± 0.85, respectively. (4). As regards product, for the items "Satisfaction with work, commitment and work ethic" and "Conducting case studies in this area": 3.65 ± 0.81 and 2.64 ± 1.01, respectively. In the overall program evaluation, the mean scores for "Program necessity" and "Program delivery quality" were 2.88 ± 0.89 and 2.12 ± 0.80, respectively.
Conclusion: The evaluation of the ICGCP of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education using the CIPP model identified the strengths and weaknesses of this program based on the opinions of health center personnel in Qom province. Policymakers and other relevant authorities can use these findings to enhance the program further.
Parisa Berimavandi, Narjes Shokri, , Masoud Karimi, Seyed Mansour Kashfi,
Volume 22, Issue 3 (3-2024)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Background and Aim: The corona epidemic and home quarantine have affected the participation in physical activities of the elderly however the elderly, especially the frail older adult with obesity, have to do regular exercise to maintain or improve their health.the aim of this research effectiveness of Physical Exercises on the Cognitive Performance and Instrumental Activity of Daily Living of Frail older adult.
Materials and Methods: The statistical population in this semi-experimental research was the elderly women of Shiraz. 80 women participated in the research according to the goal-based method and according to the entry criteria, and were randomly divided into two groups of 40 people, test and control. The test group received and performed their exercise program during 8 weeks in 3 sessions (one hour) via WhatsApp. Before the intervention and one month after the last intervention session, the two groups of participants completed demographic questionnaires, Tilburg vulnerability index, short cognitive status test and Lawton index. To analyze the data, independent team and paired t-tests were used in SPSS version 27 software.
Results: The results showed that performing movement exercises on the Frailty (Cohen’s d =1/39) (p<0/001), Cognitive status (Cohen’s d =1/41) (p=0/04) and doing instrumental life activities independently (Cohen’s d =0/40) (p=0/007) It had a positive effect on Frail Older Women.
Conclusion: The findings of this research support the dominant effect of the exercise protocol implemented in this research on the mentioned variables; Therefore, it is recommended to use these exercises during periods such as corona quarantine at home.
Mohammad Bidkhori, Mahdi Akbarzadeh, Noushin Fahimfar, Bagher Larijani, Iraj Nabipour, Afshin Ostovar, Kourosh Holakouie-Naieni,
Volume 23, Issue 1 (6-2025)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The Trabecular Bone Score (TBS) is a novel tool for assessing bone microarchitecture and identifying individuals at risk for osteoporotic fractures. This study aimed to evaluate the association between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) of the SOST gene and TBS in Iranian postmenopausal women.
Materials and Methods: This study included 1/071 postmenopausal women from the Bushehr Elderly Health (BEH) Cohort study. Relationship between Seven independent SNPs in the SOST gene located on chromosome 17q21.31 were investigated with TBS L1–L4. Associations were tested using generalized linear models under additive, dominant, and recessive genetic models. A genetic score was also calculated by summing the weighted number of risk alleles based on the regression coefficients of the SNPs.
Results: After adjustment for age and Body Mass Index (BMI), SNP rs2023794-C showed a statistically significant association with TBS in the additive model (β = 0/ 03, P = 4/7×10⁻⁵, PFDR = 0/0003) and the dominant model (β = 0/033, P = 2/5×10⁻⁵, PFDR = 0/0003). Furthermore, higher genetic scores were positively associated with increased TBS values.
Conclusion: Our findings highlight the potential role of SOST gene variants and derived genetic score in predicting bone quality in postmenopausal women. These genes could aid in identifying individuals at higher risk of poor bone quality and in developing personalized osteoporosis prevention strategies.
