Showing 33 results for Education
M.r Shidfar , D Shojaizadeh , M Hosseini , N Assasi , F Majlesi ,
Volume 2, Issue 3 (6-2004)
Abstract
To determine the level of knowledge and to assess attitudes and lifestyles in patients with unstable angina. A descriptive study was conducted among CCU patients in Mashad hospitals. 180 subjects were chosen by sequential admission. They filled an 82-item questionnaire covering demographic variables (4 items) - knowledge (5 items) –attitude (56 items) – lifestyle (17 items). Findings indicate that the global level of knowledge is sufficient on issues such as cardiac risk factors, current treatments, and treatment compliance. The same patients showed very low knowledge of pain-inducing behaviors. Meanwhile, attitude scores turned out to be relatively low in some areas including perceived threat of disease (severity and susceptibility) and internal health Locus of Control. Health care professionals (physicians, nurses,..) tended to ignore the need for proper education of cardiac patients. There is a strong need to promote patient education in order to enhance knowledge and bring about a change in attitudes.
T Aghamolaei , H Eftekhar , K Mohammad , A Sobhani, D Shojaeizadeh , M Nakhjavani , F Ghofranipour ,
Volume 3, Issue 4 (7-2005)
Abstract
Diabetes is a chronic disease of lifelong duration, and its management requires a
fundamental change in the patient’s lifestyle. The aim of this study was to evaluate the
efficacy of a health education program on the knowledge, behavior, HBA1c and
health related quality of life of diabetic patients after following the patients’
participation in the program.
The study population consisted of type 2 diabetic patients attending at Bandar Abbas
diabetic clinic. Eighty patients were randomly selected and they were randomly
assigned to two groups, 40 to the intervention and 40 to the control group. At the
initial visit and 4 months after education, knowledge and behavior were assessed by
questionnaire HBA1c measured by colorimetric method and health-related quality of
life assessed by means of WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. The education sessions for
intervention group were held at diabetic clinic. The 40 patients that assigned to the
control group gave the appropriate consent and completed questionnaires at baseline
and after 4 months.
The intervention group had statistically significant increase in the mean of knowledge
score from 6.7 to 15.8(p=0.000), physical health from 64.7 to 77.2 (p=0.000) and
psychological health from 56 to 71.4(p=0.000) and had statistically significant
reduction in the mean of HBA1c from 9.4 to 8.2 (p= 0.000).Also the intervention
group had statistically significant increase in self-monitoring blood glucose, weight
monitoring, exercise and diet. Patients in control group showed no significant changes
in the outcomes measured except for knowledge.
H Rahmani , M Arab , F Akbari , H Zeraati ,
Volume 4, Issue 4 (7-2006)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Nowadays, community health and different methods for health service delivery are among the most important public health issues in many countries. Most developing nations are trying to establish a health care system capable of meeting their basic needs.Hospitals are the most important service delivery points, and they need skilled manpower and adequate equipment for efficient performance of their medical care and educational functions. Today, the health of the mankind is facing greater hazards and challenges than at any other time in history, and within this context, hospitals are supposed to provide service of the highest standards and with minimum delay. Emergency wards are the sections where these principles apply more than anywhere else. These are rightly regarded as the "heart" of any hospital and a quick, efficient workflow in the emergency room can literally save lives.
Material and Methods: This was a cross–sectional (descriptive/analytic) performed in 2005 to assess the structure, process & performance in the emergency wards of 12 teaching hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences.
Results: 33.3% of the ward chiefs were women the rest were men they were all more than 30 years of age. The average rate for implementing proper managerial standards was 90.6%. The "manpower index" was 69.1%, and the "facilities & equipment" index was 44/5%. The "directions index" and "activities index" were 66.97% and 93.5%, respectively.
Conclusion: The findings show that there is a positive and significant relationship between standards of management at the emergency department and the facilities and equipment index. Also, there are positive correlations between the emergency department's "manpower and rules" index instructions, activities, and years of service in hospitals.
A Keshtkaran, F Mohabati, S.p Hedayati, A Roshanfard,
Volume 7, Issue 4 (2-2010)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The most important principles in an organization are continuous development and survival. Nowadays, creativity and innovation are vital for survival in a competitive world. The thinking style of a manager in an organization is an important factor in his/her creativity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between thinking style and organizational innovation in 84 senior and junior managers of Shiraz educational hospitals in 2008.
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study 84 top and mid-level managers of Shiraz teaching hospitals were selected by the census method. Data were collected using two standard questionnaires, one for thinking style and one for innovation, the content validity and reliability of which had been confirmed. A preliminary test showed the Cronbach's alpha for the thinking style and organizational questionnaires to be 0.83 and 0.72, respectively. Data analysis was performed using Spearman correlation test.
Results: The Spearman correlation analysis showed a statistically significant, although weak, relationship between thinking style of senior and junior managers of Shiraz teaching hospitals and their organizational innovation. A pragmatic thinking style had the strongest association with organizational innovation.
Conclusion: The thinking style of a teaching hospital manager plays a vital role in his/her creativity. No thinking style is particularly preferred any thinking style may give desirable results as regards creativity of a manger, depending on the circumstances and conditions.
N Abolghasemi, E Merghatikhoei, H Taghdissi,
Volume 8, Issue 2 (9-2010)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Sex education of children, a complex issue in any culture, has always been a controversial subject. Schools can play a vital role in imparting sex education to children, particularly in more conservative communities. The objective of this study was to find out primary school teachers' beliefs, attitudes, values, and understandings regarding sex education of school pupils.
Materials and Methods: In this qualitative study we employed a community-based approach to design the project. Purposeful, voluntary and maximum variation sampling was used to recruit 22 teachers from selected schools in Western Tehran (21 female and 1 male teacher). Information was collected in 4 focus-group discussion sessions. Grounded theory and thematic analysis were used.
Results: Findings revealed three major themes: 1) organizational role, 2) institution construction, and 3) individual characteristics. These themes were described by subthemes as follows: 1. for organizational role: organizational culture and policies 2. for institution construction: family and educational institutions 3. for individual characteristics: biology, gender, instincts, curiosity, knowledge, and behaviors.
Conclusion: From the participants' point of views, the school and the family are two important institutions in children sex education. However, teachers are not sufficiently competent in sex behavior education. Inappropriate policies, resource limitations, and the family cultural structure are obstacles in sex education of children in schools. The participants believe the following are priorities in children's sex education: changing cultural attitudes in organizations and institutions, such as cultural diffusion sound training approaches in sex-related topics providing sufficient resources improving knowledge and skills of teachers in the area of sex education of pupils and effective interaction between families and school authorities.
E Tavassoli, A Hasanzadeh, R Ghiasvand, A Tol, D Shojaezadeh,
Volume 8, Issue 3 (9-2010)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Today cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of disability and mortality in many countries. This study was performed to determine the effect of health education based on the Health Belief Model on the knowledge, attitude and practice of housewives in Isfahan, Iran regarding improving their nutritional behavior for preventing heart disease.
Materials and Methods: This was a quasi-experimental intervention, including 68 Isfahani housewives randomly divided into an experimental (n=34) and a control (n=34) group. Data were collected using a standard health belief model (HBM) and a food-frequency (FFQ) questionnaire. The experimental group attended, after a pre-test, 6 weekly education sessions. The HBM questionnaire was completed 3 times (before and immediately, and 2 months, after education), while the FFQ questionnaire was completed twice (before and 2 months after education) by the housewives. The data were analyzed using SPSS16 software, the statistical tests being t-test, and repeated measure ANOVA.
Results: The two groups were not significantly different with regard to demographic variables. Similarly, before the intervention they were statistically similar with respect to the scores of the HBM components (P>0.05). After the intervention, significant differences appeared between the experimental and the control groups with regard to all the components (knowledge, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, perceived efficacy, and performance in all cases, P<0.001)
Conclusion: Based on the findings, it can be concluded that the intervention had a positive impact on the feeding pattern of the women and was effective in increasing or improving their knowledge, attitude and practice.
Z Rahaei, H Heshmati, Mm Hazavehei, A Hasanzadeh,
Volume 9, Issue 1 (8-2011)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between educational practice of volunteer health workers (VHWs) and preventive behavior of households (HH) under their coverage regarding cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) based on the BASNEF model in Yazd City, Iran
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, all the 60 VHWs in the CL-endemic regions in Yazd City were interviewed and completed a valid and reliable questionnaire designed by the investigator. In addition, from among the households under coverage of each one of the VHWs, 2 HHs were selected randomly and their heads were interviewed and completed the relevant questionnaire (total n=120). Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results: There was a positive correlation between the knowledge and attitude of VHWs and knowledge of the households, as well as between the VHWs' behavioral intention and households' behavior. Further analysis of the data also revealed a positive correlation between the enabling factors of VHWs and the knowledge, behavioral intention, enabling factors and behaviors of families, as well as between educational behavior of VHWs and knowledge, attitude and behavior of the families.
Conclusion: Volunteer health workers can potentially play an important role in case-finding, prevention and timely treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis. However, merely promoting their awareness of the disease will not lead to improvements in their educational behavior in the community. More effective education aiming at promoting their awareness and enabling factors, as well as developing better attitude in them, will certainly result in better behavior of households and control of the disease
Seyed Mansour Kashfi, Ali Khani Jeyhouni,
Volume 9, Issue 3 (3-2012)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Child growth disorders are a result of nutritional ignorance and lack of appropriate care and growth monitoring. This study was conducted to assess the effects of mothers' educational program based on the precede model on the prevention of growth retardation in 6 to12-month old children in the health centers of Shiraz city, Fars Province, Iran.
Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study included 120 mothers (60 cases and 60 controls) with a single exclusively-breastfed child under the coverage of health centers in Shiraz city, Fars province, Iran. A questionnaire was used to collect data on demographic characteristics and the precede model components (knowledge, attitude, enabling and reinforcing factors and maternal behavior). In addition, the children were weighed and their weights recorded. The mothers' educational intervention consisted of six 55 to 60-minute sessions. The questionnaire was completed by the case mothers before and 4 months after the intervention.
Results: The interventional educational program brought about statistically significant increases in the mean scores of knowledge (p<0.001) and attitude (p<0.001). Further analysis of the data also showed that the enabling (training sessions and using references) and reinforcing factors, as well as practice score of the mothers and the mean weight of the children in the case group improved significantly as compared to the control group (p<0.001).
Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that an interventional educational program for mothers based on the precede pattern had a positive effect in the prevention of growth retardation in the study population.
Azar Tol, Gholamreza Sharifi Rad, Ahmad Ali Eslami, Fatemeh Alhani, Mohammad Reza Mohajeri Tehrani, Davoud Shojaeezadeh,
Volume 9, Issue 4 (3-2012)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Diabetes mellitus is a widespread disease. Diabetes patients should be fully familiar with the different dimensions of this chronic disease and possess the skills required for self-management and self-care. They should realize that each patient is a different case. It is to be noted that promoting self-management behavior is an essential component of case management in type-2 diabetes mellitus. The objective of this study was to assess self-management behavior of type-2 diabetes patients in Isfahan, Iran and determine factors influencing it.
Materials and Methods: This was a 6-month cross-sectional study conducted in 2011. The study population was type-2 diabetes patients consulting an outpatient diabetes center in Isfahan, Iran. The sample included a group of 350 patients selected by the continuous sampling method. The self-management behavior of the patients was assessed using a diabetes self-management instrument (DSMI), containing questions on 5 domains. The responses were rated on a 5-point Likert scale and SPSS software, version 11.5 was used for analyzing the collected data.
Results: The response rate was 88%. The majority of the patients were 50-60 years (55.52 ± 8.42) old and 54.3% of them demonstrated borderline metabolic control according to the World Health Organization criteria. Mean scores of self-integration, self-regulation, interaction with health professionals and other influential persons, self-monitoring blood glucose, and adherence to recommended regime were 33.67±6.36, 29.09±5.9, 27.08±4.81, 11.71±3.91 and 11.46±2.9, respectively. On the whole, the global diabetes self-management behavior seemed to be not quite desirable (the score was at an intermediate level). Further analysis of the data revealed that self-management behaviors (at 3 levels, namely, desirable, intermediate, and undesirable) had significant associations (p<0.001) with demographic (age, gender, marital status, education level) and health-related (duration of diabetes, diabetes-related diseases, diabetes complications, general health, type of treatment, family income, and serum HbA1C level) variables. Self-management behavior had no association with disease history
Conclusion: Empowerment of patients afflicted with diabetes and, more generally, non-communicable diseases, which are quite prevalent and on the increase, in the area of self-management at the individual and community level will be a vital step towards promotion of health of the population.
Davood Pourmarzi, Shahnaz Rimaz, Effat Sadat Merghati Khoii, Masoud Solaymani-Dodaran, Ali Asghar Mosavi Mehraban, Sara Safari,
Volume 10, Issue 1 (7-2012)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Access to reproductive health information and services is a basic right for the youth. Lack of suitable educational/counselling materials about reproductive health can decrease effectiveness of educational programs. This study aimed to determine the premarrital reproductive health educational needs of the youth.
Materials and Methods: In a descriptive-analytical study a total of 450 young males and females were selected by stratified random sampling to participate in pre-marital counseling in Tehran. Data about pre-marrital reproductive health educational needs were collected using a questionnaire developed by the investigator, with a 5 degree-Likert scale. SPSS-15 was used for data analysis, the statistical tests being t-test, one-tailed ANOVA and chi-square.
Results: Based on the Likert scale (1-5), felt need for reproductive health education was 3, it being higher among females (p<0.05). Both the males and females thought that what they needed most was education/counseling on healthy sexual relationship. The educational needs did not seem to be influenced statistically significantly by socio-demographic variables in either gender.
Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it seems that the current educational materials are not sufficient for pre-marrital counseling. Comprehensive information on reproductive health, with particular emphasis on sexual relationship, should be included in the existing programs, so that the youth can begin a better, healthier married life.
Shayesteh Shirzadi, Davoud Shojaeezadeh, Mohammad Hossein Taghdisi, Agha Fatemeh Hosseini,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (10-2012)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Puberty as a stage of life is an important developmental process. Teen girls have numerous health care needs and their specific issues should be considered. This study mainly aimed to determine the impact of education based on health belief model on promotion of physical puberty health among female teenagers who were residents in welfare boarding centers in Tehran city.
Materials and Methods: It was a quasi-experimental intervention study, conducted in welfare boarding centers of Tehran city among inhabitant girls with 12 to 19 years old. All eligible persons were selected (n=61). Data collection tool was a questionnaire including demographic information, health belief components, physical function during menstruation, completed before and one month after training by interview. Educational intervention was implemented in 3 months. Data was analyzed by Wilcoxon statistical test using SPSS16 software.
Results: After educational intervention, perceived severity (p<0.001), perceived susceptibility (p<0/001), perceived barriers (p<0.001), perceived benefits (p<0.001), and physical function during menstruation were significantly different.
Conclusion: Educational intervention improved girls' perceptions and performance. Thus, health belief model should be used for puberty health education planning in female adolescents.
Davoud Pourmarzi, Shahnaz Rimaz, Effat Sadat Merghati Khoii,
Volume 10, Issue 3 (1-2013)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Educational programs for couples' mental health promotion in marital life are a necessity. The first step in planning an educational program understands the needs of the target group. This paper reports the mental health educational needs in youth planning to marry.
Materials and Methods: In a descriptive-analytical cross sectional study, 450 individuals taking part in pre-marriage education courses in Tehran were selected by randomized stratified sampling. The data was collected using a questionnaire that measured the educational needs in the area of mental health by the 5-point Likert-type scale. Data analysis was done using the SPSS-15 software, the statistical tests being the independent T-test, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the chi-square test.
Results: On the whole, the subjects' felt need for mental health education was more than moderate (3 on the Likert scale) women expressed a higher need than men (p=0.001). The main concern of the participants - both men and women - was How to keep romance alive in married life. The extent of need expressed for mental education was not statistically different in different socio-demographic groups of women, while worker men expressed a higher need than self-employed men (P=0.018).
Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, young people planning to marry have a felt need for education in the area of mental health. It is recommended to design and implement educational programs to promote their knowledge in this area with due consideration of priorities stated by them.
Najmolmolook Amini, Davood Shojaeezadeh, Mohsen Saffari,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (1-2014)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Physical inactivity is one of the 10 leading causes of mortality and disability. This study aimed to investigate the effect of e-learning on physical activity and body mass index (BMI) of female-employees.
Materials and Methods: In this semi-experimental interventional study, 120 female-employees of Tehran University of Medical Sciences were selected randomly and assigned to a case or control group. Data were collected using a demographic and an international physical activity questionnaire. Pre-test and post-test questionnaires were completed by the case and control subjects prior to, and 2 months after the final phase of, the intervention. The intervention included virtual education through short message service (SMS), email messages or messages via intanet, and educational films for a period of 16 weeks. SPSS-17 was used to analyze the data, the statistical tests being Chi-square, independent and paired-t, and
Fisher's exact tests. Results: The mean age of the participants was 41 and 39 years in the case and control group, respectively. Most of them held a bachelor's degree and were married with 1 or 2 children. After the intervention, the mean score of physical activity in the intervention group increased significantly as compared with the control value (p<0.001). However, the intervention did not produce any change in the mean BMI of the case in comparison with the control group (p=0.119), although it brought about a statistically significant reduction in the initial BMI (p<0.001).
Conclusion: Web-based education, SMS and multi-media messages can increase physical activity in female-employees and might prevent illnesses caused by physical inativity.
Arezoo Falahi, Esmaeil Ghahremani, Parastoo Falahi, Yadollah Zarezadeh,
Volume 13, Issue 4 (3-2016)
Abstract
Background and Aim: To succeed in study and deliver service to community, training spiritual and related skill is urgent need in public health students. The aim of study was to explore spiritual needs and related skills in public health students of Kurdistan University of medical sciences.
Materials and Methods: This research was done through content analysis approach in Kurdistan university of medical science in 2015 year. Public health 15 students’ needs and perspective investigated via purposeful sampling. Inclusion criteria were including willingness to participate in the study, public health students, and ability to speak fluently. Data was gathered using individual and group in-deep sim-structural interviews and field note. Interviews recorded, typed, and analyzed using content analysis method. credibility, dependability, confirmability and transferability were employed to rigor and trustworthy of data.
Results: from Analysis of data were extracted 4 main categories: “individual interaction with superior existence”, “individual’s interaction with surrounding”, “strengthen individual characteristics”, and “improvement of study”.
Conclusion: the results of the study showed that acquiring of spiritual and life skills is an urgent need for students. Earning these skills not only is not an individual factor but also is multi-factorial and this is regarding to educational organizations, ministries, universities and families.
Kamelia Davoodzadeh, Somayeh Borjali, Ali Mohammad Safania,
Volume 13, Issue 4 (3-2016)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Exercise is one of the major factors influencing health. Modern media such as the Internet can play an important role in shaping an individual’s attitude towards physical exercise and behavior. This study aimed to identify priority of factors influencing use of the Internet to expand physical exercise in a university environment.
Materials and Methods: A 23-item questionnaire (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.98) was designed to test the effect of virtual environment on expanding physical exercise among the university staff, faculty and students (Likert scale; 1, fully disagree to 5, fully agree). A sample of 500 individuals were selected by cluster-sampling and completed the questionnaire.
Results: The data showed that, based on the Friedman test, priority factors were not similar among the different categories of university audiences (p<0/001). While among the students and the staff the communication network factor ranked first, with an average rank of 3.56 and 3.46, respectively, among the faculty members it was information that ranked first, with an average rank of 3.64. Further analysis of the data showed a statistically significant difference among the three groups of university audiences – students, faculty and staff – as regards the total score of cyberspace application in university sport (F= 9.776, p < 0.05). There was no difference between the two genders. (t=0.78, p<0.5).
Conclusion: The findings show that the Internet can be quite effective in expanding university sport. It can provide an appropriate tool or substrate for expanding physical exercise/sport due to its popularity among university audiences. Hence, it is essential that university sport managers and planners use this cyberspace substrate to expand university sport by adopting appropriate relevant strategies.
Elliyeh Hojjatzadeh, Alireza Heydari, Tahereh Samavat,
Volume 13, Issue 4 (3-2016)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Its control decreases the risk of likely complications. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of behvarz’ education level on blood pressure control among hypertensive patients in the rural areas of Qazvin city, Iran.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study, including 300 hypertensive patients and 18 behvarz selected by multi-stage sampling, was conducted in health houses of the rural areas of Qazvin city in 2010. Usning standard methods and technics, weight, height and blood pressure were measured. Data were collected by interviews (using questionnaires) and observations and anlyzed using the SPSS software and the Chi Square test as the statistical test (level of sinnificance 0.05 ).
Results: The prevalence of hypertension was 13.2% and 8.7% in the populations under coverage of the health houses manned by community behvarz with a high school diploma and those with an education level below high school diploma, repectively. Only 14.7% of the patienes studied had their blood pressure controlled. There was no statistically significant association between the extent of patients’ blood pressure control and behvarz’ educationl level.
Coclusion: It can be concluded that education level of the behvarz has no effect on hypertensive patients' blood pressure control. In any case, it is recommended to pay more attention to the education and literacy of peripheral health workers and put emphasis on the personnel in-service training, regular monitoring and supervision, as well as health indices assessment.
Amirmansour Tehranchian, Saedeh Azizi Sales, Malihe Moradi,
Volume 14, Issue 2 (9-2016)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The main purpose of this study was to investigate the interrelationships between health capital and education in Iran during the period 1980-2013.
Materials and Methods: The econometric vector error correction model was used to obtain patterns, using the Eviews 9 software for data analysis.
Results: The data showed that the coefficient related to the effect of education index on the health index and that related to the effect of health index on the education index were both negative. In other words, improvements in education had led to improvements in health capital and vice-versa.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that improvements in education can reduce child mortality and, consequently, improve health capital. Also, improvements in health capital can lead to improvements in education index. Therefore, it is empirically proven that these two indices are interrelated in Iran. This means that investment in both sectors can accelerate simultaneously improvements in both health capital and education indices. In Article 24 in chapter three of the Fifth National Economic, Social and Cultural Development Plan achieving a human development index (HDI) close to that in countries with high HDIs and coordination with regard to growth of education, occupation and health indices have received particular emphasis. So, considering the emphasis put on the health system in the Fifth Plan, the policy recommendation is that economic policy-makers should pay special attention to allocating financial resources to the health and education sectors in Iran.
Narges Rostamigooran, Abbas Vosoogh-Moghaddam, Mohammadhossein Salarianzadeh, Hamid Esmailzadeh, Behzad Damari,
Volume 14, Issue 3 (12-2016)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Considering the key role of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MOHME) in the implementation and follow-up of the health system reform, its organizational culture can play an important role in the success of this transformation. The aim of this study was to determine the dimensions and orientations of the current organizational culture of the MOHME headquarters.
Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive and explorative study. The study population was the central staff of MOHME. Data were collected using a questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS version 11.5. Descriptive statistical methods (mean, standard deviation, coefficient of variation and interval) were used to describe quantitatively the cultural dimensions, followed by a qualitative analysis as well.
Results: Analysis of the data showed the following: 1. Organizational cultural dimensions existing at a high level include self-supervision and identity; 2. Organizational cultural dimensions existing at a moderate level include authority and freedom in operations, clear goals and expectations, communication, coordination and coherence; and 3. Organizational cultural dimensions existing at a low level include innovation, learning, fair reward system, acceptance of change, management support and criticism.
Conclusion: Considering the key role of the MOHME headquarters staff in designing and implementing health promotion programs, bringing about changes in the organizational culture should be a top priority of the ministerial high authorities.
Nahid Mostofi, Gholamreza Garmaroudi, Ahmadreza Shamshiri, Elham Shakibazadeh,
Volume 14, Issue 3 (12-2016)
Abstract
Background and Aim: Sex education is an important health issue among adolescents. Mothers are the most reliable source of information for adolescents’ sex education so they should be equipped with proper knowledge, attitude, and practice to be able to educate their children properly. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of group education on knowledge, attitude and practice of mothers of adolescent girls as regards sex education in Tehran, 2015.
Materials and Methods: This was a randomized controlled trial including 30 mothers of adolescent girls randomly assigned to an intervention and 30 in a control group. The knowledge, attitude, and practice of mothers about sex education of their adolescnt girls were determined using valid and reliable researcher-made questionnaires. Based on the results, the intervention group, then, attended three educational sessions (active learning, group discussions) of 45-60 minutes duration each. The control group received only educational pamphlets. Three months after the intervention outcome variables were measured in both groups. Data were analyzed by the SPSS-22 using the Chi-Square, exact Fisher and T-tests.
Results: There were no statistically differences in the knoweldge, attitude and practice of sex education between the two groups at baseline (p>0.05). After the intervention, the mean scores of the study variables increased significantly (p<0.001) in the intervention group, while there were no statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the variables in the control group before and after the intervention (p>0.05).
Conclusion: It can be concluded that group education could bring about significant changes in the knowledge, attitude and practice of the mothers of adoloscent girls as regards sex education.
Mohammad Azimi, Yousef Adib, Hossein Matlabi,
Volume 15, Issue 1 (6-2017)
Abstract
Background and Aim: The content of the hygiene education and health promotion course in schools is crucial for raising the awareness of, and development of hygiene culture in, pupils. In this study we aimed to develop a hygiene education course with a fully suitable content.
Materials and Methods: In this research the content analysis technic using the "Shannon Entropy" method was used, in which data processing in discussing the content analysis is done with a new approach both quantitatively and qualitatively. In the information theory entropy is an index to measure the uncertainty which is expressed by a likelihood distribution. The content was investigated considering the respondents’ perspectives (all textbooks of elementary school sixth grade) and 12 main elements and 58 sub-elements related to hygiene education and health promotion.
Results: The results of content analysis based on the Shannon Entropy showed that the element of mental health with 732 items and physical activity with 735 items had the maximum frequencies, while the control and prevention of diseases with 6 items had the minimum frequency.
Conclusion: In the official textbooks some elements of health education are treated insufficiently or not at all, despite the fact that health is the most important factor in the progress of the society and a guarantee for survival. Thus, designing, implementation and management of the health component of national development plans are extremely vital.
